Accessorial Charges & Fees

Glossary

Detention, liftgate, lumper fees - demystify the accessorial charges that show up on your freight invoices and learn how to manage them.

Accessorial Charges (overview)
Additional fees charged by carriers for services beyond standard pickup and delivery - such as liftgate use, detention, inside delivery, or hazmat handling - that are not included in the base freight rate.
See Full Definition ->
Appointment Fee
A carrier-assessed charge for scheduling and keeping a specific delivery or pickup appointment at a facility that requires prearranged time slots - covering the carrier's coordination effort and the constraint on their scheduling flexibility.
See Full Definition ->
Deadhead / Deadhead Miles
The distance a truck travels empty - without revenue-generating freight - typically when repositioning from a delivery location to the next pickup, directly increasing a carrier's operating cost per loaded mile.
See Full Definition ->
Demurrage
A charge applied when shipping containers or intermodal equipment are held beyond the allotted free time at a port, rail terminal, or container yard - essentially the container equivalent of detention.
See Full Definition ->
Detention
A fee charged by a carrier when a truck is held at a shipper's or receiver's facility beyond the agreed free time for loading or unloading, compensating the driver for lost productivity.
See Full Definition ->
Driver Layover
A charge assessed when a driver is required to stay overnight or for an extended period at or near a facility because loading or unloading could not be completed within the scheduled window - going beyond standard detention.
See Full Definition ->
Hazmat Fee
An accessorial charge for transporting hazardous materials, covering the carrier's additional compliance, documentation, placarding, driver training, and insurance requirements mandated by DOT and FMCSA regulations.
See Full Definition ->
Inside Delivery
An accessorial charge for carrying freight beyond the truck's tailgate or the facility's loading dock into a specific interior location - such as a stockroom, kitchen, or upper floor - as designated by the receiver.
See Full Definition ->
Liftgate Delivery / Liftgate Service
An accessorial charge for using a hydraulic liftgate mounted on the trailer to lower freight to ground level at delivery - required when the receiving location lacks a loading dock.
See Full Definition ->
Limited Access Delivery
An accessorial fee applied when a delivery location is classified as difficult to access - such as construction sites, military bases, schools, churches, or rural areas - requiring extra time or equipment from the carrier.
See Full Definition ->
Lumper Fee
A charge for third-party labor used to unload freight at a delivery facility - common in food and beverage, grocery, and retail distribution where receivers require professional lumper services instead of driver-assisted unloading.
See Full Definition ->
Overweight / Oversize Surcharge
A penalty or additional fee applied when a shipment exceeds standard weight or dimensional limits for its freight class or equipment type - triggered by individual pieces, pallets, or total load weight beyond published thresholds.
See Full Definition ->
Pallet Exchange / Pallet Fee
A fee or exchange requirement related to the pallets used to ship freight - either a charge for non-returned pallets or a requirement to swap pallets at pickup or delivery to maintain a pallet pool.
See Full Definition ->
Re-Class / Reclassification Fee
A charge applied by an LTL carrier when the actual freight class of a shipment differs from what was declared on the bill of lading - typically resulting in a higher rate and a reclassification penalty on top of the corrected charges.
See Full Definition ->
Redelivery Fee
A charge assessed by the carrier when a delivery attempt fails and the shipment must be returned to the terminal and redelivered - typically caused by the receiver being closed, refusing freight, or lacking an appointment.
See Full Definition ->
Reefer Fuel Surcharge
An additional fuel charge specific to temperature-controlled shipments, covering the cost of running the refrigeration unit's engine - which burns diesel independently of the truck's main engine - throughout transit.
See Full Definition ->
Residential Delivery Surcharge
An additional fee carriers charge for delivering freight to a residential address, reflecting the added cost of navigating neighborhoods, limited access, and the lack of commercial receiving equipment.
See Full Definition ->
Sorting and Segregation Fee
An LTL accessorial charge applied when a carrier must separate, sort, or reorganize freight on a pallet or within a shipment to match multiple purchase orders, delivery destinations, or SKU requirements at the destination.
See Full Definition ->
Stop-Off Charge
A fee charged by the carrier for each additional pickup or delivery stop beyond the origin and final destination on a single shipment - covering the extra time, mileage, and handling involved in multi-stop routes.
See Full Definition ->
Storage in Transit
A fee charged when a shipment is held at a carrier's terminal or warehouse during transit - typically because the receiver isn't ready to accept delivery or the shipper requests a delay - with daily charges accruing until the freight moves again.
See Full Definition ->
Temperature Protection / Protect from Freeze
An accessorial service and charge for protecting freight from freezing temperatures during transit - using heated trailers, insulated blankets, or temperature-monitoring equipment - common for food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and chemical shipments during cold-weather months.
See Full Definition ->
Truck Order Not Used (TONU)
A penalty fee charged by a carrier when a truck is dispatched to pick up a load but the shipment is canceled, not ready, or otherwise unavailable - compensating the carrier for the wasted trip.
See Full Definition ->

Managing freight shouldn't require a dictionary

See how Owlery makes logistics easy

Book a Demo
Estimate your ROI